Plagiarism Policy

Manuscript Plagiarism

Before peer review, all submitted manuscripts undergo a thorough plagiarism check utilizing recognized software, such as DupliChecker. Submissions must adhere to an acceptable similarity threshold of less than 25%. Manuscripts that surpass this limit may be subject to revision requests or outright rejection.

Disclosure of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and AI-Assisted Technologies in Scholarly Publications

Authors are required to declare the utilization of artificial intelligence (AI)–assisted technologies (e.g., Large Language Models [LLMs], chatbots, or image generation tools) during the preparation of their submitted manuscript at the point of submission. Should such technologies be employed, a comprehensive description of their application must be provided on both the Title Page and within the submitted work itself. Any use of AI for drafting or language refinement should be explicitly acknowledged within the acknowledgments section.

For instances where AI technology has been integral to the conduct of the study, its implementation must be detailed within the methods section. This disclosure should be sufficiently comprehensive to facilitate replication of the approach, encompassing specifics such as the tool's identity, version, and, where pertinent, the prompts utilized.

It is imperative that chatbots (e.g., ChatGPT) and other AI-assisted technologies are not listed as authors or co-authors, nor should they be cited. This stipulation arises from their inability to assume responsibility for the accuracy, integrity, and originality of the scholarly work—prerequisites for authorship. Consequently, human authors bear full accountability for all submitted content, irrespective of whether AI-assisted technologies were employed in its generation. Authors are strongly advised to meticulously review and refine AI-generated outputs, as such technologies may produce content that, while seemingly authoritative, could be inaccurate, incomplete, or biased. Furthermore, authors must affirm the absence of plagiarism within their manuscript, extending this assurance to any text or imagery produced by AI. Human authors retain the ultimate responsibility for ensuring proper attribution of all quoted material, including the provision of complete citations